Compressor



Oct. 24, 1933. J SPARACINQQ 1,931,833

COMPRESSOR Filed June 20. 1932 3 mam/KM Ewe- 012 1. Sparacino Patented Oct. 24, 1933 Judith sra'rs ism-s33 PATENT orrics 2 Claims.

This invention relates to a compressor designed primarily for use in refrigerating systems, but is to be understood that a compressor, in accordance with this invention, may be employed in any connection for which it may be found applicable, and has for its object to provide a compressor so constructed and arranged, as to insure for safety of operation by preventing the building up of excessive head pressure under any operating conditions.

A further object of the invention is to provide, in a manner as hereinafter set forth, a compressor so constructed. and arranged as to eliminate the use of stuffing boxes employed in refrigerating compressors of the reciprocating type.

pact, thoroughly efficient in its use, readily assembled and comparatively inexpensive to manufacture.

To the above ends essentially and to others which may hereinafter appear, the invention consists of such parts, and such combination of parts as falls within the scope of the invention as claimed.

The drawing illustrates a longitudinal sectional View of a reciprocating compressor in accordance 39 with this invention.

The compressor includes a head 1 formed of an outer section 2 and an inner section 3, the latter being of less diameter than the former. Section 3 is positioned against the inner face of section 2 and is provided with an intake port 4 having the wall thereof out out to form it of two different diameters and to provide an annular flange 5 arranged in and spaced from the part of largest diameter of port 4. The inner diameter of flange 5 is the same as that part of port 4 of smallest diameter. The purpose of port 4 and flange 5 will be presently referred to. The section 2 is also formed with a discharge port 6 for a purpose to be stated hereinafter.

The section 2 is provided with an intake chamher 7 on the low side and an outlet chamber on the high side of the head. Opening into, disposed laterally to chamber 7 and formed in section 2 is a refrigerant supply channel 9. Opening into chamber 8 and disposed at right angles to channel 9 is an outlet port 10. A channel 11 is formed in section 2 for establishing communication between chambers 7, 8. The forward walls of chambers 7, 8 are indicated at 12, 13 respectively. The channel 11 opens into chamber 7 centrally of wall 12, and opens into chamber 8 to one side of the center of wall 13. The supply channel 9 opens into chamberv 7 in. proximity to wall 12. The outlet port 10 opens into chamber 8 centrally of wall 13. The channel 11 is of inverted U-shape. The rear walls of chambers 7, 8 are indicated at 14:, 15 respectively and are provided by section 3. The section 2 is flanged as at 1 6. The ports 4, 6 are disposed centrally of chambers 7, 8 in walls 14, 15 respectively and open into a compression chamber 16 provided by a cylinder 17 which is formed at its forward end'with an outwardly dir cted right an'gularly disposed annular flange 18 positioned against section 3, the latter closing such forward end. The sections 2, 3 and flange 18 are secured together byholdfast devices 19, only one of which is shown. The outer end of cylinder 17 is open and the inner end edge thereof is outwardly beveled, as at- 20. v

Operating in cylinder 17 is a reciprocatory hollow piston 21 having a closed head 22. The piston at its inner end is open and formed with an outwardly directed right angularly disposed annular flange 23.

Encompassing cylinder 17 in spaced relation and secured to and extending inwardly from flange 18 to beyond the inner edge of. cylinder 17 is a sylphon bellows 2e which overlaps the flange .23 of piston 21. The outer end of the latter is closed by a plate 25 which abuts the rear end of bellows 24. Thezplate 25 is anchored to flange 23 by holdfast devices 26. The outer end of bellows 2 1 is clamped between flange 23. and plate 25. The bellows in connection with the cylinder and piston provides a lubricant receiving space for a body of lubricant 26.

The plate 25 has its rear face provided with a depending hanger means 2'7 for supporting a wrist pin 28 which is attached to a connecting rod '29 coupled with an eccentric 39 carried by a motor shaft 31 and such arrangement provides for the reciprocation of piston 21 on the operation of shaft 31. The piston 21 is provided in proximity to the head 22 with packing rings 32.

The port 4 provides an intake for the compresslon chamber 16 and the port 6 a discharge" for chamber 16. The flange 5 forms a valve seat for an intake valve 33 carried on the lower end of a stem 34, the latter passing through port 4. Arranged in alignment with, forwardly of and of greater diameter than stem 34 is a plunger 35 which has its upper end opposing that end of channel 11 which opens into chamber 7.. Surrounding stem 34 and interposed between the inner end of plunger 35 and wall 14, as well as V being connected to stem 34 is a controlling spring 36 for valve 33. Fixed to wall 12 and to plunger is a sylphon bellows 37. Interposed between the rear end of the latter and wall 14 is a compensating spring 37' for bellows 37. The plunger 35 acts to steady bellows 37.

Arranged within chamber 8 and associated with port 6 is a ball valve 38. A combined retainer and controlling spring for valve 38 is indicated at 39 and which is attached to wall 13.

To insure safety of operation, the channel 11, plunger 35, bellows 37 and'spring 37 are employed. The elements referred to provide a pressure control to prevent excessive head pressure from building up under any operating conditions. The refrigerant enters into the compressor through intake 9 and passes from the latter into chamber 7. From chamber 7 the refrigerant passes through port i into the compression chamber 16. The port 4 is controlled by valve 33. On the down stroke of piston 21 the valve 33,

which is held in place by spring 36 opens and allows the refrigerant to flow into chamber 16. The upward stroke of piston 21 opens the valve 38. The latter is normally held in place by spring 39 to close port 6. When valve 38 is opened, the refrigerant from chamber 16 will be forced through port 6 into chamber 8 and passes from the latter by means of port 10 to condensers not shown. When the pressure in chamber 8 builds up to about twenty pounds above normal, the pressure is transmitted through channel 11 into the bellows 37, thus expanding the latter, overcoming the tension of spring 37' and whereby the plunger 35 will then act to force valve 33 to open and stay open as long as the pressure remains high.

The manner of setting up bellows 24 relative to flanges 18, 12, cylinder 17 and piston 21, in connection with plate 25 eliminates the use of a stuffing box. The bellows 24 expands and contracts on the suction and compression stroke of the piston. The bellows 24 and 37 are made of copper or spring steel.

What I claim is:

1. In a compressor for gaseous substances, a pressure controlling structure therefor adapted to be positioned in the low side and communicate with the high side of the compressor when pressure is built up on said high side, said structure adapted to be arranged in opposed relation to the intake valve for the compression chamber of the compressor and comprising a normally contracted, hollow, resilient, spring controlled high pressure expansible element normally closed to and communicating with said high side when pressure is built up in the latter, and a plunger encompassed by, secured to and bodily carried with said element and providing for normally said body, the latter and said head providing a compression chamber, said head having a valve controlled intake port and a valve controlled discharge port for said chamber, said body having a beveled inner end, a piston operating in said chamber and permanently extending from said' 

